Método Alternativo para el Dibujo de Secciones Transversales Mediante Visual Basic for Applications
Palabras clave:
secciones transversales, automatización, VBA, AutoCAD, diseño geométrico de carreteras, digitalización aplicada
Resumen
El presente estudio desarrolló y validó una herramienta de automatización para el dibujo de secciones transversales en proyectos de diseño geométrico de carreteras mediante la integración de Microsoft Excel, Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) y AutoCAD. El problema abordado fue la alta demanda de tiempo, la repetitividad operativa y la propensión al error del procedimiento manual empleado en contextos académicos y de oficina técnica con acceso limitado a software especializado. Metodológicamente, se diseñó un sistema modular que captura parámetros geométricos desde una hoja de cálculo, los procesa en VBA y genera una salida gráfica en un entorno CAD mediante objetos ActiveX. La evaluación se realizó mediante casos de prueba de secciones típicas y una comparación operativa frente al procedimiento manual y a soluciones comerciales de mayor costo. Los resultados mostraron que el método propuesto redujo significativamente el tiempo de elaboración, mejoró la repetibilidad del trazo y permitió parametrizar anchos, pendientes, taludes y demás variables geométricas sin rehacer el dibujo completo. Se concluye que la herramienta constituye una alternativa técnicamente viable, de bajo costo y con valor didáctico y profesional para apoyar la enseñanza y la práctica del diseño vial, aunque su alcance se concentra en el dibujo 2D y requiere futuras ampliaciones hacia el modelado tridimensional, el cálculo volumétrico y la interoperabilidad con entornos BIM.
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Wang, D., & Lu, H. (2024). Development of a BIM platform for the design of single-story steel structure factories. Buildings, 14(3), 747. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030747
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Berlato, M., Binni, L., Durmus, D., Gatto, C., Giusti, L., Massari, A., Toldo, B. M., Cascone, S., & Mirarchi, C. (2025). Digital platforms for the built environment: A systematic review across sectors and scales. Buildings, 15(14), 2432. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15142432
Bosurgi, G., Pellegrino, O., Ruggeri, A., Rustica, N., & Sollazzo, G. (2024). Customized approaches for introducing road maintenance management in I-BIM environments. Sustainability, 16(15), 6530. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156530
Buuveibaatar, M., Shin, S., & Lee, W. (2025). Digital twin framework for road infrastructure management. Applied Sciences, 15(10), 5765. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105765
Castañeda, K., Sánchez, O., Herrera, R. F., Gómez-Cabrera, A., & Mejía, G. (2024). Building information modeling uses and complementary technologies in road projects: A systematic review. Buildings, 14(3), 563. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030563
Castañeda, K., Sánchez, O., Herrera, R. F., Gómez-Cabrera, A., & Mejía, G. (2025). BIM is used to mitigate deficiencies in road scheduling and planning. Sustainability, 17(6), 2729.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062729
Cavieres-Lagos, S., Muñoz La Rivera, F., Atencio, E., & Herrera, R. F. (2024). Integration of BIM tools for the facility management of railway bridges. Applied Sciences, 14(14), 6209. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14146209
Cepa, J. J., Fernández, Á., & de Soto, B. G. (2024). Integrating BIM and GIS into an existing infrastructure. Applied Sciences, 14(23), 10962. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142310962
Doan, D. T., Atencio, E., Muñoz La Rivera, F., & Alnajjar, O. (2025). A systematic literature review of building information modelling (BIM) and offsite construction (OSC) integration: Emerging technologies and future trends. Applied Sciences, 15(18), 9981. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189981
Fan, J., Chen, L., & Chen, K. (2024). Digitalizing industrialized construction projects: The status quo and future developments. Applied Sciences, 14(13), 5456. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135456
Kossakowski, P. G. (2023). Visual programming as modern and effective structural design technology—Analysis of opportunities, challenges, and future developments based on the use of Dynamo. Applied Sciences, 13(16), 9298. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169298
Le, N., Tran, D., & Sturgill, R. (2024). Content analysis of three-dimensional model technologies and applications for construction: Current trends and future directions. Sensors, 24(12), 3838. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123838
Lee, J., Lee, S., Kim, Y., & Moon, I.-Y. (2025). Design and validation of an integrated CAD-to-5D BIM process for underground utilities. Buildings, 15(22), 4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15224139
Li, Y., Li, Y., & Ding, Z. (2024). Building information modeling applications in civil infrastructure: A bibliometric analysis from 2020 to 2024. Buildings, 14(11), 3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113431
Nielsen, O. A., Miceli, G., Jr., Ferreira F., A. d. S., & Pellanda, P. C. (2024). A review of global efforts in BIM adoption for road infrastructure. Infrastructures, 9(8), 126.
https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9080126
Oreto, C., Biancardo, S. A., Abbondati, F., & Veropalumbo, R. (2023). Leveraging infrastructure BIM for life-cycle-based sustainable road pavement management. Materials, 16(3), 1047.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031047
Rashidi, A., Noorzai, E., & Golabchi, M. (2024). Applying building information modelling (BIM) technology in the pre-tender cost estimating process. Buildings, 14(5), 1260.
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051260
Rifai, A. I., Rahmawati, Y., & Nugroho, A. (2024). The implementation of AutoCAD Civil 3D for highway redesign. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1347, 012060. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1347/1/012060
Singh, T., Mahmoodian, M., & Wang, S. (2025). Advancing smart construction through BIM-enabled automation in reinforced concrete slab design. Buildings, 15(3), 343.
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030343
Singh, T., Sacks, R., & Brilakis, I. (2024). Enhancing open BIM interoperability: Automated model generation and exchange. Buildings, 14(8), 2475. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082475
Valdebenito, R., & Forcael, E. (2025). Integrating artificial intelligence and BIM in construction: Systematic review and quantitative comparative analysis. Applied Sciences, 15(23), 12470. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312470
Wang, D., & Lu, H. (2024). Development of a BIM platform for the design of single-story steel structure factories. Buildings, 14(3), 747. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030747
Wu, D., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., & Sha, A. (2025). Digital twin technology in transportation infrastructure: A comprehensive survey of current applications, challenges, and future directions. Applied Sciences, 15(4), 1911. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041911
Yan, B., Wang, Z., Zhang, X., & Li, J. (2023). Digital twin in transportation infrastructure management: A systematic review. Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure, 2, liad024.
https://doi.org/10.1093/iti/liad024
Yang, X., Yu, S., Wang, J., Chen, H., Huang, Y., Luo, Z., & Fu, L. (2024). Application of a digital twin for highway tunnels based on multi-sensor and information fusion. Frontiers in Physics, 12, 1335494. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2024.1335494
Yavan, F., Maalek, R., & Toğan, V. (2024). Structural optimization of trusses in building information modeling (BIM) projects using visual programming, evolutionary algorithms, and life cycle assessment (LCA) tools. Buildings, 14(6), 1532. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061532
Zhang, C., Zhou, X., Xu, C., Wu, Z., Liu, J., & Qi, H. (2025). Automatic generation of precast concrete component fabrication drawings based on BIM and multi-agent reinforcement learning. Buildings, 15(2), 284. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15020284
Publicado
2026-05-06
Cómo citar
De La Cruz Manilla, M. I., Navarro Gómez, H. I., Pérez Isidro, E., & Rodríguez Álvarez, C. (2026). Método Alternativo para el Dibujo de Secciones Transversales Mediante Visual Basic for Applications. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 10(2), 6180 - 6194. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v10i2.23634
Número
Sección
Ciencias y Tecnologías
Derechos de autor 2026 Mario Iñaki De La Cruz Manilla, Humberto Iván Navarro Gómez, Eber Pérez Isidro, Cutberto Rodríguez Álvarez
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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